BCOF

I was in a class last month and the Professor said that 11 states seceded from the Union but in Texas they say 13 states seceded. On their monument in Texas to the Confederacy, they include Missouri and Kentucky. He wasn't sure why they were included. As I read on pg 293 about "Claiborne Jackson calling the pro-southern legislature into sesseion" and on November 3, 1861 they enacted an ordinance of session. Then the Confederacy admitted Missouri as the 12 Confederate state. This explained to me why Missouri was on the monument.
The reading on pg 297 explained Kentucky. While the Kentucky legistator was solid union, Gov. Magoffin and Sen. Breckinridge and others wanted to go with the Confederate. They held a convention and also passed a ordinance of secession and formed a provisional government that the Confederate admitted as the 13th Confederate State.
Thus the monument in Texas was correct, there were 13 states of the Confederacy however the Union did not recognize them and are considered part of the Union.