THANK YOU so much to the the L H Miller Foundation and to Zions Bank for this great opportunity. If the goal is to get teachers more excited to learn and share history with their students, success has been had by you.....I certainly have a renewed excitement and love that was not quite this grand before July 7th. :)
Friday, July 30, 2010
Withdrawl!!
I don't know about anyone else, but my entire summer has been Civil War....BCoF all during June was one thing, but now all of July has been the same way....the trip was AMAZING, and when I came home, all I have wanted to do and read has been having to do with the Civil War. I'm not sure how many times my boys have put in Gods and Generals or Gettysburg....it's kind of like those little kids watching the same episode of Barney over and over again EXCEPT I actually don't mind these.....I have read some great little books that I am excited to use in my classroom and I have found some great sites and video clips to use with my unit this year. I so enjoyed being around all of the great teachers that were in our group! Wow, how was I lucky enough to be able to be chosen for this experience. I am so much more knowledgeable, but also realized how much I still don't know (even more than before)....like the old idea of : "The more you know, the more you realize you don't know". The difference now however, is I have a whole different perspective and excitement about this part of America's history. I can't wait to share with my students and with my colleagues!
Wednesday, July 7, 2010
Battle Cry of Freedom - Music's Influence
I can't help but think of the tune to Battle Cry of Freedom almost every time I say those words. Most people would agree that words set to music can provide a powerful experience to the listener. I'm sure soldiers and civilians alike drew great strength from the music of this time. While Battle Cry of Freedom was uniquely inspiring for both sides, I'm sure that the Union and Confederacy each had their own songs to rally behind or express their sadness and anxiety. I can't say that I'm too familiar with the few songs named in the book, but I'm excited to learn more about Civil War music from Paula and Sharon B. I hope two of my favorites, When Johnny Comes Marching Home and Battle Hymn of the Republic are among those we discuss.
Tuesday, July 6, 2010
A Soldier's Heaven
"Sometimes he believed in a Heaven, mostly he believed in a heaven; there ought to be a Heaven for young soldiers, especially for young soldiers, but just as surely for the old soldier, there ought to be more than just that metallic end, and then silence, then the worms, and sometimes he believed, mostly he believed, but just this moment he did not believe at all, knew Kilrain was dead and gone forever, that the grin had died and would not reappear, ever, there was nothing beyond the sound of the guns but the vast dark, the huge nothing, not even silence, just an end..." (p.327)
Chamberlain showed how much he would miss his dear friend Kilrain in these words. He felt an extreme sense of loss. I've never lost anyone really close to me, and therefore can't understand the amount of pain involved. For Chamberlain it was enough for him to deny his belief in an afterlife, at least for this moment. Whether for better or worse, cannon fire broke him from his quiet suffering.
Chamberlain showed how much he would miss his dear friend Kilrain in these words. He felt an extreme sense of loss. I've never lost anyone really close to me, and therefore can't understand the amount of pain involved. For Chamberlain it was enough for him to deny his belief in an afterlife, at least for this moment. Whether for better or worse, cannon fire broke him from his quiet suffering.
Killer Angels 3
My heart went out to Longstreet as he sat on the rail fence and watched his ragged and weary men retreat. He had just been involved in a nightmare that left him empty. He couldn't even pray. He was in the depth of despair. He felt like his men had died for nothing and he had sent them to their deaths. It seemed like he was going to end his life when Lee showed up. Lee approached him and said it was all his fault, but Longstreet could only feel remorse. When he took his horse and turned into the line of fire I think he couldn't take any more. He wanted to end his pain.
This book has presented the human side to the Civil War. It has left me with a sad reverence for the pain that our country experienced during a time when the South was fighting for its culture and state rights and the North sought to unionize the nation and free the slaves. The book was very powerful.
This book has presented the human side to the Civil War. It has left me with a sad reverence for the pain that our country experienced during a time when the South was fighting for its culture and state rights and the North sought to unionize the nation and free the slaves. The book was very powerful.
Killer Angels 2
I was interested in Chamberlain's section. There was a part when Chamberlain felt odd about his reaction to the black man that was hurt. He explained it as a "crawly sensation." He closely examined how different he was up close: very black, white palms, brute jaw-line, etc. It seemed to stir in him emotions that he hadn't expected. He felt ashamed. He was startled by some of the differences this man had, yet realized how similar he was to the man. He was kind to him, fed him and tried to help him.
I wonder if hate and prejudice begins by blowing subtle differences out of proportion and then focusing on the unusual feelings you might experience and the fear of those feelings? When I take the time to know people from all different walks of life, I always find how similar we are.
I wonder if hate and prejudice begins by blowing subtle differences out of proportion and then focusing on the unusual feelings you might experience and the fear of those feelings? When I take the time to know people from all different walks of life, I always find how similar we are.
The Killer Angels Part 1
Wow...I am really glad I read BCoF first. Killer Angels is almost like a beach book in comparison!
I am enjoying getting to know the characters that played such a role in the Civil War. I like how the book switches perspectives. It really gives the reader a feel for how each side approached the war. I didn't know that Lee had heart problems and was weak during Gettysburg. I am amazed that he could lead an army, live in a tent, ride a horse, endure the heat, and have health issues. On page 88 he had a tightening of the chest and then he grabbed his arm. I wonder if he was having a small heart attack. He must have had a lot of pain tolerance and determination to continue. He was an amazing man.
I am enjoying getting to know the characters that played such a role in the Civil War. I like how the book switches perspectives. It really gives the reader a feel for how each side approached the war. I didn't know that Lee had heart problems and was weak during Gettysburg. I am amazed that he could lead an army, live in a tent, ride a horse, endure the heat, and have health issues. On page 88 he had a tightening of the chest and then he grabbed his arm. I wonder if he was having a small heart attack. He must have had a lot of pain tolerance and determination to continue. He was an amazing man.
McClellan
I am totally amazed that McClellan had so little respect for authority. His disrespect in following orders, etc. never seized to amaze me as I read this book.
BCoB -- Grant
I have really enjoyed learning about how Grant changed from his earlier military days. I found it really interesting to see how much he grew to become such a confident leader and eventually president. It was interesting to read about how he had fears about meeting the other side and then he realized the "enemy colonel" had some of those same fears. What a great man to learn from his mistakes--a lesson for all of us!
Killer Angels #3
I´m very taken with 2 of the characters from this book: Chamberlain and Longstreet.
Chamberlain, being a college professor with no military experience, and feeling responsible to keep his younger brother safe. He is portrayed as a very moral man, not seeing himself as a prejudicial, yet unable to find any any glowing attributes for the ¨black man¨ that is found just before Day 1.
This subject could lead to a discussion, debate, followed by a persuasive essay. Many kids don´t realize that they may or may not have prejudices.
My other favorite character, Longstreet, is a very lonely man. He is not only grieving for the loss of his family, but reveres Lee as a father, and notices his frailty. Kilrain and Lee both give Longstreet ¨fatherly¨ feedback. Their well being is an extra burden for him during the battles both before and after. I like how Longstreet knows himself fairly well. For instance: Generally, he likes to be by himself, but this particular day he realizes that he is depressed and really needs to shake this mood. He greets Fremantle and rides with him for time, letting Fremantle just ramble on about frivolous conversation! He realizes his state of mind again the night after the battle at Little Round Tree. He rides throughout the Rebel camps checking on the troops and Armstead invites him over to the camp fire for singing, storytelling and some drink. He refuses several times out of his responsibility to the men; keeping sharp, not letting the drink cloud his decisions.
Longstreet also struggles with expressing himself as he did when talking to Fremantle about Lee. Fremantle describes Lee as devious, and Longstreet goes off on a tangent defending him. He says, ¨There isn´t a devious bone in Lee´s body! After his rather lengthy tyrade, he realizes that he has said too much. He feels disloyal and foolish.
These are just a few instances of humanity that is portrayed in these two characters.
I think I would use these examples as journal prompts, and have the students examine some of the things they have done and said, and how might they feel after expressing those feelings.
Chamberlain, being a college professor with no military experience, and feeling responsible to keep his younger brother safe. He is portrayed as a very moral man, not seeing himself as a prejudicial, yet unable to find any any glowing attributes for the ¨black man¨ that is found just before Day 1.
This subject could lead to a discussion, debate, followed by a persuasive essay. Many kids don´t realize that they may or may not have prejudices.
My other favorite character, Longstreet, is a very lonely man. He is not only grieving for the loss of his family, but reveres Lee as a father, and notices his frailty. Kilrain and Lee both give Longstreet ¨fatherly¨ feedback. Their well being is an extra burden for him during the battles both before and after. I like how Longstreet knows himself fairly well. For instance: Generally, he likes to be by himself, but this particular day he realizes that he is depressed and really needs to shake this mood. He greets Fremantle and rides with him for time, letting Fremantle just ramble on about frivolous conversation! He realizes his state of mind again the night after the battle at Little Round Tree. He rides throughout the Rebel camps checking on the troops and Armstead invites him over to the camp fire for singing, storytelling and some drink. He refuses several times out of his responsibility to the men; keeping sharp, not letting the drink cloud his decisions.
Longstreet also struggles with expressing himself as he did when talking to Fremantle about Lee. Fremantle describes Lee as devious, and Longstreet goes off on a tangent defending him. He says, ¨There isn´t a devious bone in Lee´s body! After his rather lengthy tyrade, he realizes that he has said too much. He feels disloyal and foolish.
These are just a few instances of humanity that is portrayed in these two characters.
I think I would use these examples as journal prompts, and have the students examine some of the things they have done and said, and how might they feel after expressing those feelings.
Killer Angels #2
I´ve read several blogs asking why Lee didn´t listen to Longstreet. From what I´ve read so far, Longstreet´s military strategies were based upon what he had learned while serving on the western front. Those strategies learned in the west is what he requested to use several times during the CW. Lee on the other hand, was from the ¨Napoleonic¨ era of military tactics that always said to ¨attack¨. Lee didn´t have the experience that Longstreet had, and Longstreet respected Lee too much to disobey orders to prove his point. That being said, the battle at Little Round Top didn´t play out the way Lee intended it too.
I'm not sure I understand why ALL the soldiers revered and loved Lee so much. I realize that he handled the men extremely well, but some of his battle strategies killed so many. Why were the soldiers so willing to see their friends and family members die without so much as grumbling about poor tactics? All I can think of is that his reputation at West Point preceeded any doubts of his abilities.
I'm not sure I understand why ALL the soldiers revered and loved Lee so much. I realize that he handled the men extremely well, but some of his battle strategies killed so many. Why were the soldiers so willing to see their friends and family members die without so much as grumbling about poor tactics? All I can think of is that his reputation at West Point preceeded any doubts of his abilities.
Killer Angels #1
One of the things I really like about the book is how the author takes a considerable amount of time introducing the main characters from both the Union and Rebel sides. There is a different slant in the characters between the 2 books: one factual and one historical fiction. I enjoyed getting to know the characters from both view points.
Another part of the book that I found quite interesting is the knowledge of Lee´s health. A lot is said about his chest pains and how ¨careful he must be to walk carefully¨. BCoF doesn´t ever reference Lee´s health.
I also liked the presence of Fremantle and ¨friends¨. It brings the part about the South trying to influence England to support their military issue by sending English troops..
This is the kind of book that hooks kids into history! This is the kind of book that a teacher needs to internalize to bring the true spirit and purpose of the war directly from its characters to the students. I think I would use this in a part text, part personal narration. Then a discussion to talk about how the students feel about what is taking place; was it right or was it wrong, and might you have done it yourself and why. I can see an activity that would involve art and Civil War symbols on a large sheet of paper folded into 26 squares to represent each letter of the alphabet, or make a paper box illustrated on each of the side portions of the scenes as the students pictured them.
Another part of the book that I found quite interesting is the knowledge of Lee´s health. A lot is said about his chest pains and how ¨careful he must be to walk carefully¨. BCoF doesn´t ever reference Lee´s health.
I also liked the presence of Fremantle and ¨friends¨. It brings the part about the South trying to influence England to support their military issue by sending English troops..
This is the kind of book that hooks kids into history! This is the kind of book that a teacher needs to internalize to bring the true spirit and purpose of the war directly from its characters to the students. I think I would use this in a part text, part personal narration. Then a discussion to talk about how the students feel about what is taking place; was it right or was it wrong, and might you have done it yourself and why. I can see an activity that would involve art and Civil War symbols on a large sheet of paper folded into 26 squares to represent each letter of the alphabet, or make a paper box illustrated on each of the side portions of the scenes as the students pictured them.
For the Love of Lee- #3KA
How is it that there is such love and respect for this man that the army would forge forward in an impossible challenge … to do what? Soldiers took their hats off to him. They stood at a distance and smiled in his direction. “soldiers were drifting up to stand happily by -gazing with paternal affection at Lee.” He had to be careful as he went about on the battlefield, because the men all turned to him and would give away his identity. And they went charging toward death out of valor and raw courage, but mostly out of love for this leader- Lee.
I felt hollow for days after reading the final day. In some strange insensible way, I wished the South to do better this time in this final battle of Gettysburg. I wished for it to not hurt so much.
I felt hollow for days after reading the final day. In some strange insensible way, I wished the South to do better this time in this final battle of Gettysburg. I wished for it to not hurt so much.
Fighting Friends
As I review the second day of the Gettysburg Battle, I am reminded that many of these soldiers were fighting friends and family. When Lee learns of the death of Reynolds, he mourns his loss and speaks well of him. As the heat reminds Longstreet of the fighting in Mexico, he remembers that many of them fought together there- " And the past flared again in Longstreet's mind and the world tilted and for a moment they were all one army again. ... It troubles me sometimes- They're never quite the enemy those boys in blue. I used to command those boys- difficult thing to fight men you used to command." This war truly was a war of one- people -divided.
Feedback
Marzano quotes John Hattie, "The most powerful single modification that enhances achievement is feedback." This really got me thinking. It seems as if education right now is in a testing frenzy. However, how often do the students get useful, timely feedback from the tests they take. Yes, we teachers can analyze the data, but how does that really help the students immediately. Students need to know what they did correctly--positive feedback, and also what they are not doing correctly. I really liked the part of this chapter that talked about students can effectively provide some of their own feedback. I know that as a teacher it is hard to get to all the work I have the students do, but I can take some of that pressure of by allowing the students to give each other feedback. I already do this somewhat with writing but I'm going to see if I can implement it accross the curricullum. Great information.
Battle Cry of Freedom 3
European involvement in the Civil War was for individual gain more than interest in the outcome. Because of a strong belief that an Aristocracy was better, European countries wished to celebrate the failure of Democracy. The English journalist Hotze wrote to encourage the prejudices against Yankees. He appealed to all types of working class citizens as mentioned on page 548. The reason Europe was sympathetic to the cause of the South was directly related to their dependence on cotton supplied to them by the South.
I just kept thinking while reading this section how “King Corn” knocked “King Cotton” off its pedestal because people like to be fed before they are clothed.
I just kept thinking while reading this section how “King Corn” knocked “King Cotton” off its pedestal because people like to be fed before they are clothed.
Battle Cry of Freedom 2
Technology advances during the Civil War were out of necessity and genius of those inventers and investors of the time. The creation of interchangeable parts for the reaper, muskets and specialized parts in America will forever change industry for the entire world.
The change from the smoothbore to the rifle made shooting more accurate and faster. A “sharpshooter” could single out and kill an enemy’s officers without difficulty - and necessitated that officers conceal themselves during battle by wearing the apparel of a private.
Mallory supported the inventions of the torpedo boats and torpedoes (mines). Although the submarine was effective in battle but it was also dangerous to those who dared to use them. There were many other inventions during this time; some were the camera and the hypodermic needle.
The change from the smoothbore to the rifle made shooting more accurate and faster. A “sharpshooter” could single out and kill an enemy’s officers without difficulty - and necessitated that officers conceal themselves during battle by wearing the apparel of a private.
Mallory supported the inventions of the torpedo boats and torpedoes (mines). Although the submarine was effective in battle but it was also dangerous to those who dared to use them. There were many other inventions during this time; some were the camera and the hypodermic needle.
Honor
I can't help but appreciate the way opposing sides dealt with each other during this war. They respected each other, they regarded each other as "sir," and they were trustworthy. These ideals seem so foreign from what we see in today's wars. When Chamberlain went running down the side of Little Round Top and captured a Confederate officer, the man simply said, "Your prisoner, sir." Chamberlain thereafter left the officer expecting that he would remain a prisoner despite the fact that no one was guarding him. Before the battle began, two men from the Second Maine still refused to fight. Not able to spare a man to guard them, Chamberlain declared, "I'll waste no man to guard you. I'll expect to find you here when this is over." Tom later approached Chamberlain with another Reb officer. After being introduced to the officer Chamberlain offered him water from his own canteen. There seemed to be such honor among men in the past. Where has that gone today? What changed? Why isn't a handshake or a man's word good enough any more?
Monday, July 5, 2010
Fremantle
I was surprised to find that there was a group of press and foreign visitors following the Southern troops. I enjoyed the way Sharra included the visits between Longstreet and Fremantle from England. I wonder how true and complete the description is. I really was unaware of the interest of England in this war. If the South had been victorious they may have been a greater part of the history of North America as they were in Australia and South Africa.
I chuckled to read Fremantle's (compilment?) of Lee- "I mean, one does not expect it. No offense,sir? but your General Lee is an English general, sir. Strordnry." In the book Longstreet seems to enjoy Fremantle as he observes from a safe distance.
I chuckled to read Fremantle's (compilment?) of Lee- "I mean, one does not expect it. No offense,sir? but your General Lee is an English general, sir. Strordnry." In the book Longstreet seems to enjoy Fremantle as he observes from a safe distance.
Turning Points... (BCoF 3)
Here's an exercise for all of us... and an opportunity for you to comment on this post if you still need to comment on the posts of others (I think we have to do three?)
Studying history books, you find page after page identifying moments that "could have changed the trajectory of history completely." ... So-called turning points. As I've flipped back through the pages of these books and identified and remembered things that I have found interesting and/or noteworthy, many of them are these "turning points" or "pivotal moments." The one I will identify now was during the crisis caused by the federal blockade and subsequent strained relations with Britain and France. What if Seward had acted as he usually did and brought the British into the war on behalf of the Confederacy? Not only would the U.S. have had one additional enemy to fight, we would also have lost our main source of saltpeter/gunpowder. Not a winning combination. Probably a recipe for defeat?
What turning points/pivotal moments have you identified in your study of the Civil War Era?
Studying history books, you find page after page identifying moments that "could have changed the trajectory of history completely." ... So-called turning points. As I've flipped back through the pages of these books and identified and remembered things that I have found interesting and/or noteworthy, many of them are these "turning points" or "pivotal moments." The one I will identify now was during the crisis caused by the federal blockade and subsequent strained relations with Britain and France. What if Seward had acted as he usually did and brought the British into the war on behalf of the Confederacy? Not only would the U.S. have had one additional enemy to fight, we would also have lost our main source of saltpeter/gunpowder. Not a winning combination. Probably a recipe for defeat?
What turning points/pivotal moments have you identified in your study of the Civil War Era?
Setting Objectives/Marzano
In chapter 8 of Classroom Instruction That Works, I found it very interesting that it said when stating your goals or objectives for your lessons or units to not be too specific. That more learning occurs if there is more flexibility in the goal. This way students will be able to personalize the goals for themselves. I thought this would be really good when setting goals for a Civil War unit. All the students come with prior knowledge, and all that knowledge comes at varied levels. I loved the way the teacher in the example had the students actually write down their goals in a way that started with I want to know... and I want to know more... This way the students will focus on the goals they've set for themselves. I've always found that students learn more when they have a vested interest. I know that this sounds pretty basic, but I think sometimes we tend to get into the fluff of things and forget to go back to basics. Great chapter. Good ideas on feedback too.
The life of a soldier (KA 3)
I don't want to toot my own horn here... okay, maybe a little... I've run several marathons (26.2 miles) and participated twice in the Wasatch Back Relay Race aka Ragnar, a race in which a participant runs between 15 and 20 miles in split into three legs as part of a 12 person relay team; the team covers over 170 miles from Logan to Park City all along the Wasatch Back. You sleep very little if at all over the span of about 24 hours on average.
I marvel as I have read about the men marching unceasingly, Longstreet's men and Chamberlain's men among others, only to arrive at their destination and be told that they are to move again or prepare for battle. Often times soldiers, especially those of past days marched insane distances with little to no sleep and often times went immediately to battle. I cannot imagine this! Having run some fairly long distances myself on little sleep, lacking proper nutrition, if someone told me at the end of 26.2 miles that I would now have to defend my life and my country, I would probably either break down in tears or simply topple over dead on the spot. War truly brings out the super-human in people. The men of the North and the South, or any enemies for that matter, must truly have respected one another, because only a soldier understands what the life of another soldier is like.
I marvel as I have read about the men marching unceasingly, Longstreet's men and Chamberlain's men among others, only to arrive at their destination and be told that they are to move again or prepare for battle. Often times soldiers, especially those of past days marched insane distances with little to no sleep and often times went immediately to battle. I cannot imagine this! Having run some fairly long distances myself on little sleep, lacking proper nutrition, if someone told me at the end of 26.2 miles that I would now have to defend my life and my country, I would probably either break down in tears or simply topple over dead on the spot. War truly brings out the super-human in people. The men of the North and the South, or any enemies for that matter, must truly have respected one another, because only a soldier understands what the life of another soldier is like.
AHHHHHHHH!!!!
Ok, so here is my vent for today....after reading ALL during June and having completed a learning log for EVERY chapter of BCoF and Killer Angels (all except ch 27 and 28 of BCoF because that is where I got to last Saturday night), I opened up my computer today and my learning logs only go to Chapter 19!!!! I have cried myself silly today, and it's a HOLIDAY even! I am so distraught....on the phone with Apple Support, no hope. Now what do I do???! I don't even want to think about RE-reading from 19 on to where I left off!!!!! No enjoying the day today for me....eyes are too swollen! :(
Battle Cry of Freedom 1
My niece has described books in one of two categories; those you can “gobble up” and those you have to slowly digest. BCOF is definitely one that has to be slowly digested.
I enjoyed reading about the economy and how it changed the role of women. Because of the increase in the population women were able to access and purchase goods, which before they were required to make by hand. This gave them more time to educate themselves and their children. Additionally, because of the increase in the population there as a greater need for a governing body which required men to participate politically in the communities in which they resided.
Women begin to write about cooking, child rearing and homemaking but finally move onto more interesting topics of the day including temperance and abolition. I find Nathaniel Hawthorne’s comment about women on page 36 amusing, “that damn mob of scribbling women.” This describes well what others thought about women giving their opinion and sharing it with the public in the form of a book, newspaper, magazine or pamphlet. Regardless of resistance, women continued to share their opinion and were credited with changing history. Harriet B Stowe’s famous work “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” was one such publication and upon meeting her, Abraham Lincoln allegedly remarked, “So you are the little lady that started the Civil War”.
I enjoyed reading about the economy and how it changed the role of women. Because of the increase in the population women were able to access and purchase goods, which before they were required to make by hand. This gave them more time to educate themselves and their children. Additionally, because of the increase in the population there as a greater need for a governing body which required men to participate politically in the communities in which they resided.
Women begin to write about cooking, child rearing and homemaking but finally move onto more interesting topics of the day including temperance and abolition. I find Nathaniel Hawthorne’s comment about women on page 36 amusing, “that damn mob of scribbling women.” This describes well what others thought about women giving their opinion and sharing it with the public in the form of a book, newspaper, magazine or pamphlet. Regardless of resistance, women continued to share their opinion and were credited with changing history. Harriet B Stowe’s famous work “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” was one such publication and upon meeting her, Abraham Lincoln allegedly remarked, “So you are the little lady that started the Civil War”.
Killer Angels 3
Chamberlain continues to be a hero in my eyes. A good soldier is defined on page 202 by saying that they love the army. However, a good officer will order the death of those you love. Chamberlain is moved to the center and here he sees the most “beautiful” thing he has ever seen. The attack of the South was something to fear and admire. The battle sounds described are very moving and awful.
What a great book to read after I knew a little about the Civil War and Gettysburg specifically. The more I learn the more I realize I do not know.
What a great book to read after I knew a little about the Civil War and Gettysburg specifically. The more I learn the more I realize I do not know.
Killer Angels 2
I was really torn by the thought that the soldiers knew and had a relationship with those that they fought, prior to the war. When we talk about the battle at Ft Sumner my students love the idea that the generals leading each side were once teacher and student. I imagine it was very difficult to fight those who you were raised with, educated with and fought along side of during the Mexican War. However, I am sure that it made it easier to understand and exploit their strengths and weaknesses.
Personalizing the battle is done well and I love to think about, if faced with challenges of today how would those who fought in the Civil War reply. I loved reading about the cowardice of Sickles and the bravery of Chamberlain. Even Chamberlain’s concern for his brother adds a nice human element to war.
It was very powerful to read about the different leaders and how their choices and the choices of those following them determined the outcome of the battle. For instance Lee was considered to be great tactician and as such created a battle plan that his generals, for various reasons, were unable to execute – their inability to follow his plan cost the South the battle and many lives. Conversely in the North they began the battle without their leader. However, they had men such as Chamberlain who fought valiantly and did whatever it took to protect themselves and the men they were fighting beside.
Personalizing the battle is done well and I love to think about, if faced with challenges of today how would those who fought in the Civil War reply. I loved reading about the cowardice of Sickles and the bravery of Chamberlain. Even Chamberlain’s concern for his brother adds a nice human element to war.
It was very powerful to read about the different leaders and how their choices and the choices of those following them determined the outcome of the battle. For instance Lee was considered to be great tactician and as such created a battle plan that his generals, for various reasons, were unable to execute – their inability to follow his plan cost the South the battle and many lives. Conversely in the North they began the battle without their leader. However, they had men such as Chamberlain who fought valiantly and did whatever it took to protect themselves and the men they were fighting beside.
Killer Angels 1
From a suggestion given to me during my student teaching experience I read Killer Angels for the first time about ten years ago. At that time, because of my limited understanding of the events that occurred during the Civil War I read it more for enjoyment. However, since I have read it again, I gained a better understanding of the events that took place and how it affected the people involved. That additional knowledge made reading the book more meaningful. Additionally, it has changed how I teach students about the Civil War what I have added to my lessons it to ensure that I provide sufficient background information in my lessons to help the students understand the events of the time.
I thought the author’s description of the North and South very insightful and it provided a point of reference during my reading that helped me understand the “why” of the challenges, successes and failures of each side. The soldiers in the South had a lot in common with each other, which made it easier for them to work together and focus on strategies of planning each battle. Most soldiers fighting for the South shared a common religion, spoke the same language, were illiterate, and brought their own supplies to sustain themselves. In contrast the soldiers from the North had few things in common, which made it very difficult for them to work together successfully. Because of the language and religious differences faced by the North there was profound lack of trust in the ranks for their leaders – they were defeated often and experienced conflict among those they needed to be able to trust to protect their backs. .
I thought the author’s description of the North and South very insightful and it provided a point of reference during my reading that helped me understand the “why” of the challenges, successes and failures of each side. The soldiers in the South had a lot in common with each other, which made it easier for them to work together and focus on strategies of planning each battle. Most soldiers fighting for the South shared a common religion, spoke the same language, were illiterate, and brought their own supplies to sustain themselves. In contrast the soldiers from the North had few things in common, which made it very difficult for them to work together successfully. Because of the language and religious differences faced by the North there was profound lack of trust in the ranks for their leaders – they were defeated often and experienced conflict among those they needed to be able to trust to protect their backs. .
BCOF- #3 Disease
It was fascinating to read about the effects that disease had on the Civil War and all other wars preceding. Disease disrupted many battles. Lee's West Virginia campaign failed partially because so many of his men were ill. The most common diseases were measles, mumps and tonsilitis in the early days of the war because men from different areas came together to exchange germs. Many of them from outlying areas had little immunity. Diarrhea, venereal disease, and malaria became a greater threat than weapons. Most of this problem was exacerbated by the lack of knowledge about germs and the best placement of latrines. Two soldiers died from disease for every one killed in combat. This was an improvement from earlier war histories. Beyond this the medical doctors and the new legion of nurses were ill prepared to handle the wounds or the diseases. 18%-14% of the injured died of their wounds- and that was if they could make it off the battlefields. The only good thing about this horrible situation was that many changes were made that make life better today -from ambulances to a government agency to organize healthcare. Hmmm- healthcare... I guess we're still working on that one.
BCOF Preparations of War
I’ve never really thought about what it takes to go to war—the supplies needed and where those supplies are going to come from. I mean, supplies to make uniforms, guns and artillery, as well as the machines to repair them. I found the chapters from BCOF that dealt with the early days of the war quite fascinating. The North hadn’t decided on a color for a uniform, so there were many different colors. Even the flags had to be changed so they didn’t look so much alike. McPherson writes about many of the details that I have never even thought of. He writes, “The United States has usually prepared for its wars after getting into them. Never was this more true than in the Civil War” (p. 312). But I ask the question, how does one truly prepare for war? You can prepare for what you think will happen, but you never really know what your opposition is up to. I guess it’s like a chess game—you always try to be one step ahead of your opponent. The appointed leaders seemed to be a little unprepared for the war, too. President Lincoln appoints George McClellan to take over the retiring Scott, and he is very optimistic of how the war will be won. After the reality of was sets in, he seems to become a bit of a coward, not willing to make decisions. When things go awry, he blames others. I had to smile about him calling President Lincoln “a well meaning baboon” and thought about what would have happened to him in today’s world. General Stanley McChrystal has just recently resigned from his post in the Afghanistan War because of voicing what he felt about President Obama’s handling of the war. We live in different times. Jefferson Davis even had problems with some of his leaders. They all had their own ideas of how the war should be fought. I guess that all of the leaders on both sides finally agreed on one thing—the war was going to last a lot longer than anyone expected.
Killer Angels 2
The thing I really like about historical fiction is the way the author makes these historical figures/characters come to life. Of course, what you read is just an interpretation (Shaara makes that disclaimer clear in the "To the Reader" preface) but I believe most contemporary authors make their best effort to be as accurate as possible. In reading KA, I now feel like I know these men a little better--as men-- and not as just still pictures or words on a textbook page. I'm anxious to read The Last Full Measure, and maybe some of the other Jeff Shaara books now.
Battle Cry of Freedom-The Naval Side of War
In reading from Battle Cry, I was particularly impressed with Grant's willingness to work with Foote in the river war. It shows that he understood that winning wasn't about him, but about using resources wisely, even if that didn't give him exclusive credit. Sadly, most of the other Union commanders just didn't adhere to that philosophy.
I have always breezed over the Naval contributions to the war when I have taught in the past. I did this mostly because I just didn't know enough to tell my students. Maybe it's time to change that. Having been to the Naval museum at Columbus, GA I started to become interested in this lesser known aspect. Then I visited Vicksburg and actually saw the remains of the U.S.S. Cairo, one of "Pook's turtles". It's way more interesting to learn about something you have some previous knowledge about or experience with. Since I have photos from both trips, I will definitely have to scan them into my computer for some virtual field trips (complete with my family and me). :)
I wonder if anyone knows of some easy reference books or novels that could be used in the classroom, appropriate for fifth graders? I'm certain that some of my students would be interested in learning more and maybe even becoming class experts if I could show them resource material.
I have always breezed over the Naval contributions to the war when I have taught in the past. I did this mostly because I just didn't know enough to tell my students. Maybe it's time to change that. Having been to the Naval museum at Columbus, GA I started to become interested in this lesser known aspect. Then I visited Vicksburg and actually saw the remains of the U.S.S. Cairo, one of "Pook's turtles". It's way more interesting to learn about something you have some previous knowledge about or experience with. Since I have photos from both trips, I will definitely have to scan them into my computer for some virtual field trips (complete with my family and me). :)
I wonder if anyone knows of some easy reference books or novels that could be used in the classroom, appropriate for fifth graders? I'm certain that some of my students would be interested in learning more and maybe even becoming class experts if I could show them resource material.
Civil War bulletin board-great idea!
I loved Linda's mini poster bulletin board lesson plan. In previous years I have used students as teachers, but not since I transferred schools four years ago. Looks like it's time to return to that idea. By the text book reference made in the plan, I can tell my district doesn't use the same program for Social Studies as Linda's. But it won't be difficult to adapt her idea to what I do have available. I can't wait to try this next year. I may even be brave and use it with my sixth graders, since I will be tackling a split!
and the animals....
As McClellan finally decided to move the troops, he seemed to fixate on taking them in by water to a point east of Richmond. I am amazed as I read about this move. Whether by land or river, the move must have been a logistical nightmare of a challenge. Quartermaster- General Meigs was asked to organize and prepare to move 400 ships, over 100,000 men, 300 cannon, 25,000 animals and mountains of equipment.
Now I've been on a few trips to the high mountains on horseback and a few cattle drives of our rather small herd and I can not even comprehend how one would gather and care for that many animals, let alone move them. They would need food and water and they get cranky and some even get mean when in the company of so many other animals. And where in the heck did they come from and what were the people who are without them doing for animals in their absence? Did you notice the mention of the death of so many horses at Gettysburg? I have heard about the horses used in World War I -how hard they worked and suffered and died.
I guess it is kind of a delicate subject, but last week a fox was hit by a car on my walking road. A fox is actually a very tiny animal, especially compared to a work horse or donkey or cow. The smell of the poor little decaying animal was enough to cause a change of direction for my morning walks. I cannot imagine those battle fields. Well enough of that subject!
Now I've been on a few trips to the high mountains on horseback and a few cattle drives of our rather small herd and I can not even comprehend how one would gather and care for that many animals, let alone move them. They would need food and water and they get cranky and some even get mean when in the company of so many other animals. And where in the heck did they come from and what were the people who are without them doing for animals in their absence? Did you notice the mention of the death of so many horses at Gettysburg? I have heard about the horses used in World War I -how hard they worked and suffered and died.
I guess it is kind of a delicate subject, but last week a fox was hit by a car on my walking road. A fox is actually a very tiny animal, especially compared to a work horse or donkey or cow. The smell of the poor little decaying animal was enough to cause a change of direction for my morning walks. I cannot imagine those battle fields. Well enough of that subject!
Battle Cry - finally done!
Getting through this book has been quite the process, but I finally made it! I thought it was so interesting that near the end the confederacy chose to use blacks as soldiers. Though they never actually fought, it was still a surprise to me. I never would have thought that blacks would have wanted to fight for their masters. I'm sure some didn't want to, but some did. This was just one more thing to show me there were so many sides to the war that I'd never considered before. It wasn't just about slavery. There were so many politics involved. Many in the confederacy didn't own slaves, and many in the union didn't want to abolish slavery.
I was also surprised that Lee didn't surrender sooner when it seemed all hope was lost. What a tragedy this war was! I can't really even comprehend the number of casualties. I was impressed to read of many of the class act leaders from the north and how they treated the southern soldiers after the surrender. I sure learned a lot from this book!
I was also surprised that Lee didn't surrender sooner when it seemed all hope was lost. What a tragedy this war was! I can't really even comprehend the number of casualties. I was impressed to read of many of the class act leaders from the north and how they treated the southern soldiers after the surrender. I sure learned a lot from this book!
Violence
I was surprised by how violent so many people were in the BCoB. Senator David Atchison from Missouri. It seems as if he and many like him would stop at nothing to achieve what they felt was their rights. Mr. Brown and his justification of all that he did. It sure seems as though there was an awfully lot of corruption back then...hmmm, and today?
BCoB
The more I read, the more I begin to understand. So much to understand and learn. I was unaware of how we had evolved into a two-party political system too. As I have taught about the Whigs, I have wondered where they went. Reading BCoB I feel like I have a better understanding. It was interesting to read about the differences in the Whig party between the north and south.
Sunday, July 4, 2010
Lovely, lovely
I've really enjoyed the first half of Killer Angels. After finishing BCOF it's refreshing to go back to a novel format. I know, I know. :)
There are obviously a million things I could write in response to the reading, but I thought I would keep things light in this post. Let's face it, the Civil War is a pretty depressing topic! I had a laugh-out-loud moment when reading Buford's comments regarding Heth's early morning movements against him:
"The first attack was very short: a ragged fire. Buford nodded, listening, 'Yes. Tried to brush us off. Got a bloody nose. Now he'll get angry, all puffed up like a partridge. Now he'll form up a line and try us for real, and he'll hit the main line.' The mist was lifting slowly, the rain was slackening, but Buford could not see the line. he felt the attack come and turned his face toward the sound of the guns, judging the size of the attack by the width of the sound, and he sat grinning alone in the cupola, while the Rebel troops pushed his line and drew back, bloody, and tried again in another place, the firing spreading all down the line like a popping fuse, and then there was another long silence, and Buford could feel them reforming again ... If whoever was out there attacking him had any brains he would probe this position first and find out what he was attacking. Buford listened for the scattered fire of patrols coming in, moving along his flanks, outlining him, but there was nothing. A long silence, then a massed assault. Buford grinned, baring fangs. Damn fool. He's got a brigade in position, that's all. He's hitting me with one brigade, and I'm dug in. Lovely, lovely."
I know this was the beginning of the battle and should be taken seriously, but I couldn't help but laugh as I pictured Buford sitting there strumming his fingers together with a little devilish smile on his face saying, "Lovely, lovely." Not to mention the fact that I was amazed at how much he could discern by simply listening to the skirmish taking place out-of-sight. Very impressive!
There are obviously a million things I could write in response to the reading, but I thought I would keep things light in this post. Let's face it, the Civil War is a pretty depressing topic! I had a laugh-out-loud moment when reading Buford's comments regarding Heth's early morning movements against him:
"The first attack was very short: a ragged fire. Buford nodded, listening, 'Yes. Tried to brush us off. Got a bloody nose. Now he'll get angry, all puffed up like a partridge. Now he'll form up a line and try us for real, and he'll hit the main line.' The mist was lifting slowly, the rain was slackening, but Buford could not see the line. he felt the attack come and turned his face toward the sound of the guns, judging the size of the attack by the width of the sound, and he sat grinning alone in the cupola, while the Rebel troops pushed his line and drew back, bloody, and tried again in another place, the firing spreading all down the line like a popping fuse, and then there was another long silence, and Buford could feel them reforming again ... If whoever was out there attacking him had any brains he would probe this position first and find out what he was attacking. Buford listened for the scattered fire of patrols coming in, moving along his flanks, outlining him, but there was nothing. A long silence, then a massed assault. Buford grinned, baring fangs. Damn fool. He's got a brigade in position, that's all. He's hitting me with one brigade, and I'm dug in. Lovely, lovely."
I know this was the beginning of the battle and should be taken seriously, but I couldn't help but laugh as I pictured Buford sitting there strumming his fingers together with a little devilish smile on his face saying, "Lovely, lovely." Not to mention the fact that I was amazed at how much he could discern by simply listening to the skirmish taking place out-of-sight. Very impressive!
OK I'm done and left with. . .
First of all, I wish I had been a research assistant for McPherson. The man and his crew must have read every scrap of paper ever written about the Civil Waror during it. At today's wages, his assistant(s) could have been very wealthy at the end of it.
Second, I can't decide what to think of the generals and commanders. How truly frustrating it must have been for those who wanted to battle it out and get it over with to have had so many generals under them who failed to follow orders (either because they didn't want to or because they couldn't). The patience and pressure the men like Lee and Grant must have felt. And, yet, it must have been horrible for most of the generals knowing they were sending all of those men to their possible deaths. As I considered the huge weight this must have put on them, I understood why men like Longstreet, etc. stayed away and separate from their soldiers. Perhaps I can even understand the hesitation time after time of McClelland. The planning and organization was the easy part. Sending men to their deaths was difficult. Seeing men they knew die must have been heart-breaking. I wonder how often they questioned whether the "cause" was worth it.
Third, I wonder why McPherson didn't go into more detail about Gettysburg. He certainly was detail oriented on most of his other battles. It made me wonder why Shaara made a point of making his reader really like Reynolds and Chamberlain if they were no more important than McP portrayed them.
Last, I am amazed at how invested I became in the battles, generals, and outcomes as I read BCof F and KA. I've never really been a "battle"-type of person. Military history just isn't my priority. However, I found myself in tears as I read about Lee's decision to retreat and his eventual surrender and the formal ceremony directed by Chamberlain.
Second, I can't decide what to think of the generals and commanders. How truly frustrating it must have been for those who wanted to battle it out and get it over with to have had so many generals under them who failed to follow orders (either because they didn't want to or because they couldn't). The patience and pressure the men like Lee and Grant must have felt. And, yet, it must have been horrible for most of the generals knowing they were sending all of those men to their possible deaths. As I considered the huge weight this must have put on them, I understood why men like Longstreet, etc. stayed away and separate from their soldiers. Perhaps I can even understand the hesitation time after time of McClelland. The planning and organization was the easy part. Sending men to their deaths was difficult. Seeing men they knew die must have been heart-breaking. I wonder how often they questioned whether the "cause" was worth it.
Third, I wonder why McPherson didn't go into more detail about Gettysburg. He certainly was detail oriented on most of his other battles. It made me wonder why Shaara made a point of making his reader really like Reynolds and Chamberlain if they were no more important than McP portrayed them.
Last, I am amazed at how invested I became in the battles, generals, and outcomes as I read BCof F and KA. I've never really been a "battle"-type of person. Military history just isn't my priority. However, I found myself in tears as I read about Lee's decision to retreat and his eventual surrender and the formal ceremony directed by Chamberlain.
Saturday, July 3, 2010
I, too, have been at other classes, but have been sequestered and reading feverishly. I think it is kind of neat to make such a concentrated study of a given topic. Tonight I am thinking about the power of the media. I have noticed how often today's writers and speakers on television and in newspapers sway public opinion. I have been surprised during my reading of BCoF how often the newspapers are involved in the making of a hero or the breaking of a man. 'Harper's Weekly,' 'The Montgomery Advertiser', the 'Mobile Register'- the power of the pen. And the I am aware of the effect their comments had on the participants and especially some of the leaders of the war. Some believed what was written and lived what was expected. Others stood to prove the writers wrong even to a fault. The psychological effects of the media no doubt effected the outcome of battles, the lives of people and more. One has to wonder what influence today's media is having on our nation's history.
Friday, July 2, 2010
Killer Angels 1
Several other blog authors have already written to this point, but I feel I need to put in a few thoughts: In the words of William Tecumseh Sherman, "War is Hell." War sucks. Previous to the past couple years, I was never much interested in military history, but have become interested more recently. Specifically, I have gotten into WWII and now the Civil War. My studies have led me to Sherman's eloquent conclusion.
There is a song lyric which says, "When the rich go to war, it's the poor who die." It could also be said, "When the powerful go to war, it's the powerless who die." This, I think, is why war not only sucks, but why war REALLY sucks. Those that wage the war often times never suffer the real consequences of war.
I can't help, after reading KA and BCOF, but feel a certain degree of animosity towards both the South and the North (mainly politicians and other public figures) who, because of their bullheadedness, could not make peace. Pickett's charge becomes all the more depressing when you have read everything that led to that point, not only at Gettysburg, but the entire war, and the entire antebellum period. Yes, "they all have their own reason to die," but I believe that reason rarely has much to do with the "cause" for which each side respectively fights. That is why war sucks.
There is a song lyric which says, "When the rich go to war, it's the poor who die." It could also be said, "When the powerful go to war, it's the powerless who die." This, I think, is why war not only sucks, but why war REALLY sucks. Those that wage the war often times never suffer the real consequences of war.
I can't help, after reading KA and BCOF, but feel a certain degree of animosity towards both the South and the North (mainly politicians and other public figures) who, because of their bullheadedness, could not make peace. Pickett's charge becomes all the more depressing when you have read everything that led to that point, not only at Gettysburg, but the entire war, and the entire antebellum period. Yes, "they all have their own reason to die," but I believe that reason rarely has much to do with the "cause" for which each side respectively fights. That is why war sucks.
The Right to Secession
In reading BCOF, I have grappled personally with the question of whether or not any group, Southern Secessionists included, have the right to secede from the Union... then or now. We look with great bias on the South and say, "No, of course they did not have the right. They were seceding for the wrong reasons." Okay. I can handle that. They were WRONG. Wrong about slavery; wrong in general. But, from their perspective as well as Lincoln's, their right to secede was not found in the Constitution. McPherson establishes this. They appeal to a higher law--to the Jeffersonian/Lockean right to revolution. The government under Lincoln was not going to secure their property, they feared. From the perspective of the South, the federal gov't was becoming "destructive of these ends." So, clearly, the right to revolt/secede is a subjective thing. Certainly from the British perspective, the Americans of 1776 did not have the right to "secede" from Britain either. See THIS ARTICLE.
So, under what conditions does anyone have the right to secession/revolution? Since I view this as such a subjective question which cannot be answered outside of a specific context or situation, I ask it rhetorically. Had I lived during the Secession Crisis, or if any group tried to secede today, I honestly feel that I would probably feel inclined to just say, "fine, go." McPherson discusses that there were was a minority that felt similarly during the crisis of 1860-61, but that they did not carry much weight. So many politicians and individuals were so invested in the issues of the time (emotionally, economically, politically, etc.) that they could not just let the South go. Additionally, McPherson presents the arguments of some Northerners which imagined a nation in which secession would not be challenged... anyone and everyone would secede instantaneously if they felt wronged.
Bottom line, these are tough questions. Let me know if you have the answers!
So, under what conditions does anyone have the right to secession/revolution? Since I view this as such a subjective question which cannot be answered outside of a specific context or situation, I ask it rhetorically. Had I lived during the Secession Crisis, or if any group tried to secede today, I honestly feel that I would probably feel inclined to just say, "fine, go." McPherson discusses that there were was a minority that felt similarly during the crisis of 1860-61, but that they did not carry much weight. So many politicians and individuals were so invested in the issues of the time (emotionally, economically, politically, etc.) that they could not just let the South go. Additionally, McPherson presents the arguments of some Northerners which imagined a nation in which secession would not be challenged... anyone and everyone would secede instantaneously if they felt wronged.
Bottom line, these are tough questions. Let me know if you have the answers!
Controversial Post
Okay, I'm probably going to get blasted by someone due to what I write in this post, but here it goes anyway...
After reading the antebellum portion of BCOF, I can't help but notice some striking parallels between today's political climate and conditions and those of the antebellum period. Specifically, I see a lot of similarities between today's right wing "Tea Party" and the States' Rights/Secessionists of the Antebellum South. Now, of course, there is nothing like literal slavery in question today. So I do not want to be misunderstood. Nevertheless, I see a group of people that are, by self-definition, "conservative," clinging doggedly and tenaciously to the status quo. They want 1787 in 2010. "We want the Constitution and nothing more." No federal government infringing on ME and MY RIGHTS and my STATE'S RIGHTS. Sound familiar? Most recently and closest to home I just witnessed a primary within the Republican Party (ironically) where the contest was based on who could be more extreme and appeal to the more vocal and passionate portion of the electorate.
Now, before someone lynches me (good play on words, eh?) let me say one thing. I understand and sympathize with the right wing's frustration with our current and recent government's tendency to spend recklessly and to resultantly tax recklessly. I also understand why some people feel like we are increasingly becoming more and more of a "nanny-state" with fewer rights to do what we want, how we want, when we want, etc.
What I don't sympathize with, regarding the antebellum Southern Democrats, and regarding the attitudes of today's ultra-right wing, is the tendency that I feel they have to believe that the Constitution is the answer to all questions of economic or political import. The Constitution has been wrong. The founders have been wrong. Twenty-Seven times, to be precise. While I revere the Constitution and the founders, I recognize their fallibility and that we live in 2010 and not 1787. I feel that the Southern Democrats and the Extremists of today would do well to recognize that.
Okay, commence lynching.
P.S. to this post: this article is evidence of the similarities that I see between the Tea Party and the Antebellum South.
After reading the antebellum portion of BCOF, I can't help but notice some striking parallels between today's political climate and conditions and those of the antebellum period. Specifically, I see a lot of similarities between today's right wing "Tea Party" and the States' Rights/Secessionists of the Antebellum South. Now, of course, there is nothing like literal slavery in question today. So I do not want to be misunderstood. Nevertheless, I see a group of people that are, by self-definition, "conservative," clinging doggedly and tenaciously to the status quo. They want 1787 in 2010. "We want the Constitution and nothing more." No federal government infringing on ME and MY RIGHTS and my STATE'S RIGHTS. Sound familiar? Most recently and closest to home I just witnessed a primary within the Republican Party (ironically) where the contest was based on who could be more extreme and appeal to the more vocal and passionate portion of the electorate.
Now, before someone lynches me (good play on words, eh?) let me say one thing. I understand and sympathize with the right wing's frustration with our current and recent government's tendency to spend recklessly and to resultantly tax recklessly. I also understand why some people feel like we are increasingly becoming more and more of a "nanny-state" with fewer rights to do what we want, how we want, when we want, etc.
What I don't sympathize with, regarding the antebellum Southern Democrats, and regarding the attitudes of today's ultra-right wing, is the tendency that I feel they have to believe that the Constitution is the answer to all questions of economic or political import. The Constitution has been wrong. The founders have been wrong. Twenty-Seven times, to be precise. While I revere the Constitution and the founders, I recognize their fallibility and that we live in 2010 and not 1787. I feel that the Southern Democrats and the Extremists of today would do well to recognize that.
Okay, commence lynching.
P.S. to this post: this article is evidence of the similarities that I see between the Tea Party and the Antebellum South.
Help, please
As I have been reading these books, I find that my military knowledge is dismal at best. I understand what infantry, navy, and cavalry are but its the sections of these that I'm unclear about. Could someone please explain to me how these armies are organized? I know that hundreds of thousands of men were involved in these battles (which is mindboggling in and of itself) but how many men are there in a company? regiment? brigade? corps? and division?
Every once in a while the authors have thrown in total numbers but I'm not sure how they break out. For instance, how many men were under McClelland's command at Antietam? etc. I think I would be even more amazed if I truly realized how many men were being moved from one place to another during these battles.
Every once in a while the authors have thrown in total numbers but I'm not sure how they break out. For instance, how many men were under McClelland's command at Antietam? etc. I think I would be even more amazed if I truly realized how many men were being moved from one place to another during these battles.
Thoughts on The Killer Angels
Killer Angels—Day 3
After finishing this book I know that I could never be a military leader. I don’t know how they could have ever made the decisions they did, always keeping in mind the Cause for which they were fighting for. I thought it particularly interesting how two of the leaders’ thinking of their own cause after the battle it told about. As Chamberlain talks to his brother, Tom, he realizes that he has forgotten the “cause” they’re fighting for. As he watches the retreating Rebels, he has a respect for them, but he remembers what they did to Kilrain, and he feels “violent pity.” Longstreet is also angry at the aftermath of the battle. He makes a comment similar Chamberlain’s thoughts when he says to Lee, “I don’t know if I can go on leading them. To die. For nothing.” Lee reminds Longstreet that the men do not die for them, but they each have their “own reason to die.” This is a very sad book. Of course, war is a sad thing. The horrors of the Battle of Gettysburg were written about in such a way that the war became very real to me. It was fascinating to read about the many points of view from the different leaders. This type of writing makes you stop and think about the different perspectives and gives a greater depth of understanding to a turning point in our country’s history.
After finishing this book I know that I could never be a military leader. I don’t know how they could have ever made the decisions they did, always keeping in mind the Cause for which they were fighting for. I thought it particularly interesting how two of the leaders’ thinking of their own cause after the battle it told about. As Chamberlain talks to his brother, Tom, he realizes that he has forgotten the “cause” they’re fighting for. As he watches the retreating Rebels, he has a respect for them, but he remembers what they did to Kilrain, and he feels “violent pity.” Longstreet is also angry at the aftermath of the battle. He makes a comment similar Chamberlain’s thoughts when he says to Lee, “I don’t know if I can go on leading them. To die. For nothing.” Lee reminds Longstreet that the men do not die for them, but they each have their “own reason to die.” This is a very sad book. Of course, war is a sad thing. The horrors of the Battle of Gettysburg were written about in such a way that the war became very real to me. It was fascinating to read about the many points of view from the different leaders. This type of writing makes you stop and think about the different perspectives and gives a greater depth of understanding to a turning point in our country’s history.
Killer Angels-Day 2
Wow, the reality of the war is setting in. This part really made me think about the differences between the soldiers and the leaders. General Lee’s lecture to Longstreet was quite poignant. He’s talking about what it takes to be a good soldier or a good officer. “To be a good soldier you must love the army. But to be a good officer you must be willing to order the death of the thing you love. That is…a very hard thing to do. No other profession requires it. That is one reason why there are so very few good officers. Although there are many good men.” I enjoyed reading about the thinking and actions of the different leaders—particularly of Lawrence Chamberlain. I’ve heard about the Battle of Little Round Top. It’s a battle that is the background for another historical fiction book that I use as one of my book clubs at school—A House Divided. I wish I could remember the name of the author right off hand, but I don’t. I know more about this battle, from both sides. I have to admit that it’s tough reading about the battles—the blood and gore. I sometimes wish that there would have been another way to solve the problems of the country besides war.
Political Parties
The more I read BCOF the more I find that I don't know. For example, I never knew the history of how the different political parties came into being. I was even more fascinated at how the parties were “adopted” by different religious organizations and immigrants from different countries. I’ve been wondering about the state of our political parties today. It makes one wonder if the same thing could happen today that happened in 1850. This quote from p. 33 gives reason for concern: “But because of the Whiggish overtones of nativism, it cemented the Democratic allegiance of Catholic immigrants more firmly than ever. Political nativism would explode even more destructively in the 1850s, when it contributed to the breakdown of the two-party system that preceded the Civil War.” I sometimes wonder what the “Tea Party” movement is doing today. Is it more of a divisive trend? Or is it bringing the country together?
JULY 1,2,3
So today, July 2nd is the anniversary for day 2 of Gettysburg. Yesterday (and AGAIN today) we have been watching " Gettysburg" on DVD....Having already read KA in May, I wanted to again go over the book, and it was fun to read along as the movie went along....my 13 and 10 year olds, both of which snagged my KA book and read it, watched the movie with me yesterday (the 10 year old put it in again today). I LOVE Chamberlain and have such respect and sorrow for Longstreet and what he "had" to do under orders from Lee. Dang, I would have strangled Stuart....think if he had actually done his job, how the entire Gettysburg battle and the entire war for that matter may have been different?! If you haven't seen the movie, after having read these books and learned so much, this movie is a GREAT watch for this July 4th weekend when we are all in the "freedom thinking" mode.
Don't Skip the Forward
Although I often skip the forward to books, particularly ones of this length, I'm really glad I decided to read this one. McPherson really makes it clear how many of these men had served together in past conflicts--Mexican-American War and Indian Wars. They had gone through military training together, fought side-by-side, served under, and worked closely together for years. I would have missed this explanation of their involvement if I had skipped the forward. It really brought to home the relationships and explained how these men knew how the others would react that I found in KA.
I found a number of other things that were new to me in the "pre-war" information:
I found a number of other things that were new to me in the "pre-war" information:
- Dred Scott's master was a military officer and DS married another of their slaves.
- Douglas owned property that would benefit from the transcontinental railroad and McP presents this as motivation for the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
- The F Street Mess
I was also impressed with McPherson's treatment in stressing the importance of the Panic of 1857 and how it effected the mid-term election of 1858, and the decisions that would be made before Bull Run.
"Hit me like a brick!"
As I finished KA, there were three particular sections that really "hit me like a brick." The statement by Chamberlain that says, "Another day like yesterday. . .and the Regiment will be gone. In the Union Army that was the way it was: they fought a unit until it bled to death. There were no replacements." To me this was a devastating statement. It really brought to home how many men died and "disappeared into the earth" during these battles. How many of them never made it home to their families? How many of them died without the comfort of their loved ones around? Then, when I read on page 317 about how Longstreet envisioned the battle, it made me realize how difficult it must have been for the officers to send their men into battle when they knew what was going to happen. They estimated losses in percentages. How many men are in "half a division"? How on earth did these officers distance themselves enough to not fall into maddness? The other thing that really hit me was the deep friendships between men on opposite sides of the battle demonstrated by the friendship of Armistead and Hancock. Some of these men had known each other for years. How difficult it must have been!
Thursday, July 1, 2010
Fascinated with Chamberlain
After finishing Killer Angels tonight, I have really earned a deep respect for Joshua Chamberlain. What a fascinating character. I would like to learn more. Are there books that you know of about him? I was absolutely taken back by his last chapter in the book. Even in the midst of such a terrible scene of horror he sees beauty. His description is powerful. Such a tragedy, yet he feels the sensation of unspeakable beauty. Looking out over the fields bodies laying toe to toe he chooses not to feel hate as most would, but rather extraordinary admiration, and a violent pity. And although the writing credit goes to Michael Shaara, I love the final paragraph of this captivating book. What a privilege to be visiting this hallowed ground at the same time of year. We too can only hope for that cleansing rain. Thank You for this opportunity for learning! I can't wait!
Tactics
I always was baffled as to why the Civil War was fought in compact, cohesive columns and lines. I know if I were fighting I would want to get behind anything I could. I finally understand the reasons behind that. The close formation was necessary to concentrate the firepower of inaccurate weapons. It took some time to make the transition from smoothbore to rifle. At least now the way they fought makes some sense.
Tender Moments
BCoF...
I am getting closer to finishing "THE BOOK." Yahoo! Anyway, there were a few incidents that made me take pause. On the night during the Stones' Bridge Battle (pg. 580) when both sides were hunkering down for the night, separated by only a few hundred yards, they started to sing. First it was to show their loyalty to their respective sides by singing their hometown songs. Each side singing with pride, one song after the other. When one band started playing "Home Sweet Home," the sentiment was too strong and the Union and the Confederates became men who missed their families and homes, together they raised their voices and sang together.
On page 636 Union troops raise the stars and strips on the courthouse in Vicksburg. The touching part was how the Union troops gave respect to the rebels and then shared their rations with them. If that wasn't enough...they broke into businesses that were known to have held food at extremely high prices. The Union men gave the starving Vicksburg civilians food that they desperately needed.
AND...I cried when Stonewall Jackson died. He was a man that had true grit and mettle that overflowed!
I am getting closer to finishing "THE BOOK." Yahoo! Anyway, there were a few incidents that made me take pause. On the night during the Stones' Bridge Battle (pg. 580) when both sides were hunkering down for the night, separated by only a few hundred yards, they started to sing. First it was to show their loyalty to their respective sides by singing their hometown songs. Each side singing with pride, one song after the other. When one band started playing "Home Sweet Home," the sentiment was too strong and the Union and the Confederates became men who missed their families and homes, together they raised their voices and sang together.
On page 636 Union troops raise the stars and strips on the courthouse in Vicksburg. The touching part was how the Union troops gave respect to the rebels and then shared their rations with them. If that wasn't enough...they broke into businesses that were known to have held food at extremely high prices. The Union men gave the starving Vicksburg civilians food that they desperately needed.
AND...I cried when Stonewall Jackson died. He was a man that had true grit and mettle that overflowed!
European Visitors
[Note: In case you're wondering why all of my input seems to come in at once, it's because I have been attending workshops and been away from computer access. I've been doing the reading but the blogging has had to come in bunches.]
I was particularly struck by the number of European visitors who were accompanying the Confederate troops. I knew that the South was negotiating with the British for supplies and other things but I had no clue that there were actually Europeans here on the battlefields as observers. Freemantle, Ross the Austrian, Scheibert the Prussian, and Maury, Cullen, Barksdale in the medical, with Lawley the correspondent were all hanging around the Confederate units. On page 174 the section where Freemantle talks about the differences between the North and South (from an Old World perspective) was really interesting to me. I plan on using it with my students next year because it presents such a clear picture of the differences other than slavery.
I also really enjoyed reading about Longstreet and how he disagreed with Lee but was a good soldier and followed orders anyway. Yet, he demonstrates that he is a smart officer and makes decisions on his own when he turns his troops around and refuses to march them through open ground.
I was particularly struck by the number of European visitors who were accompanying the Confederate troops. I knew that the South was negotiating with the British for supplies and other things but I had no clue that there were actually Europeans here on the battlefields as observers. Freemantle, Ross the Austrian, Scheibert the Prussian, and Maury, Cullen, Barksdale in the medical, with Lawley the correspondent were all hanging around the Confederate units. On page 174 the section where Freemantle talks about the differences between the North and South (from an Old World perspective) was really interesting to me. I plan on using it with my students next year because it presents such a clear picture of the differences other than slavery.
I also really enjoyed reading about Longstreet and how he disagreed with Lee but was a good soldier and followed orders anyway. Yet, he demonstrates that he is a smart officer and makes decisions on his own when he turns his troops around and refuses to march them through open ground.
Killer Angels Day 1 Leaves Me With Questions
After reading the first part of Killer Angels, it became clear to me how important the role of the cavalry was to a major army. Why was J.E.B. Stuart allowed to "joy ride" around the countryside without being demoted, courtmartialed, etc? Was there some kind of personal connection between he and Lee? Or, perhaps, is it possible Lee wasn't the strong leader everyone credits him with being? Also, when the advanced party came back and had seen signs of the Union, why didn't the Confederates scramble to take that wonderful "high" ground at Cemetary Ridge immediately? If he didn't want a battle there, why didn't he circle around behind Gettysburg and head to Washington? If Stuart had been doing his job, Lee would have
known about the approaching Army of the Potomac and could have headed south around the Union units and might have positioned himself between Meade and Washington, D.C. This might have won the war for the South. I also am forced to wonder what would have happened if Reynolds had accepted the appointment as the main commander. It seems that Lee and Longstreet were both surprised when he turned it down. What would the difference have been? Would someone else have moved their troops fast enough to support Buford's cavalry and take command of that wonderful position on high ground?
known about the approaching Army of the Potomac and could have headed south around the Union units and might have positioned himself between Meade and Washington, D.C. This might have won the war for the South. I also am forced to wonder what would have happened if Reynolds had accepted the appointment as the main commander. It seems that Lee and Longstreet were both surprised when he turned it down. What would the difference have been? Would someone else have moved their troops fast enough to support Buford's cavalry and take command of that wonderful position on high ground?
147 years ago !
While rereading Killer Angels it hit me! Day one is today! I am so excited that the trip was planned for July. (Remind me about that when I am sweating in the 95 degree temperature....) Still, feeling the place at the same time of the year will be amazing. Am I remembering correctly? 147 years ago it was raining there. "He (Lee) came out of the tent into a fine cold rain." (on pg.77) On pg. 91 Buford was experiencing "a fine, soaking rain, a farmer's rain, gentle on the roof." We could be so lucky....
It is interesting to think about the part that weather plays in battles. It changes strategies and outcomes. It plays into everything.
It is interesting to think about the part that weather plays in battles. It changes strategies and outcomes. It plays into everything.
Opened eyes !!
McPherson has opened my eyes to the Civil War. His intense research and ability to effectively communicate have given me so much more understanding. Thank you for picking this book. I wish that I had chosen to read it first. The last few days I have been going back over Killer Angels again. I know the key players and sistuations so much better now. Also, thanks to everyone for their awesome posts. I have learned so much from so many. The only thing that can top this is actually being where they were! Can you believe that we are actually going there!!! I can't wait !!!
BCOF 2
One interesting element of BCOF is that almost 275 pages pass before the Confederacy fires on Fort Sumter and the war officially begins. It is really helpful how those pages are used to carefully establish the political and social context of the time and make an argument as to the central cause of the war. While issues such as states' rights and industrial expansion were discussed, the fundamental, irreconcilable conflict between the North and South was the presence of slavery in the South and its expansion into the territories. By having all of the background that the first several chapters offers helps us to get at least some faint idea as to how men could be so willing to fight and violently die for the cause and the respective governments were ready to allow this.
Thoughts on McClellan
I have, like so many of you--according to your blogs, have had some problems with the way McClellan handled himself throughout the war. It seemed as if so many times the war may have ended sooner if only McClellan had followed through with his orders. He seemed so full of pride, which got in the way of the end result. But, as I read the rest of the book I had a bit of a change of heart. On both sides of this great war many leaders had to be replaced because they wouldn't carry out their orders in a timely manner, or they would retreat because of a fear that the other side had more man power. I pondered on this, but as I continued to read the devastating numbers of deaths after each battle, I wondered if I too wouldn't be a leader that would be apprehensive to lead my men into a battle that would be that cause of so much loss of life. I can't imagine how hard it would be, as a leader, to see a battle field full of wounded and dead soldiers that you were responsible for--that had to do something to a person's psyche. I believe it takes a special person to be able to set aside the causalities of war, in the hopes of the outcome being what you want--Lee and Grant being the perfect examples. Yes, I think McClellan was wrong, he was prideful, stubborn and probably prolonged the war. But, he wasn't alone in having to be relieved of his position because he may have been scared of what might happen. Apparently, his men loved him.
Wednesday, June 30, 2010
Am I the only one who can't stand McClellan?
Well, chapter 17 didn’t do anything to make me like McClellan any more. Again he proved to be an incompetent wus. I definitely would NOT have had the patience Lincoln did, which is why I wasn’t meant to fill those shoes. Lincoln had that uncanny ability to ignore the urges he must have been feeling. It goes back to his desire to win the war vs. win the argument. Lincoln was able to recognize McClellan’s strengths. "If he can't fight himself, he excels in making others ready to fight." But after listening to McClellan tell his wife how he saved the country yet again, I can’t help but hope Lincoln will take him down a few notches in future chapters.
Lincoln's Words
I went back and forth between admiration and confusion in regards to Lincoln before reading BCOF. But I now have nothing but admiration for the man. To do what he did ... I'm in awe. I can't imagine playing chess against the man. He juggled politics, war, personalities, heartache ... and he did it masterfully. I loved this quote:
“If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone, I would also do that. My paramount object in the struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery.”
This letter to the editor was an attempt to pacify the Democrats, subdue his detractors, encourage abolitionists, sway the public, embolden his troops ... he was a master.
“If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone, I would also do that. My paramount object in the struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery.”
This letter to the editor was an attempt to pacify the Democrats, subdue his detractors, encourage abolitionists, sway the public, embolden his troops ... he was a master.
Killer Angels: What are we fighting for?
Page 179-181 really opened my mind to the different opinions regarding the purpose of the war. As Chamberlain meets a colored man, and listens to and observes him, he contemplates how he feels about the man, the race, and feels ashamed. The man, different almost alien to him yet realizing that it was only skin, he asks himself, "Even I, an educated man feel this way...what was in God's mind?" And then further on the men discuss the rebel prisoners. The union soldiers, assuming they fight for slavery is surprised to learn that they are fighting for their "rights." Yet these men truly don't know what rights they were fighting for. And then Chamberlain makes the statement, thinking again of this colored man beneath him, "What could this man know of borders and states' rights and the Constitution and Dred Scott? What did he know of the war? And yet he was truly what it was all about." And to Chamberlain, the cause of the war was suddenly brutally clear.
What was the cause of the civil war? This to me is still not clear. It seems that it's almost a bad word in today's historical discussions to say that slavery is the cause. Many a fellow teacher has let me know that, "We don't say that slavery is the cause of the Civil war anymore." BUT, the more I read and study, the more I tend to disagree with today's historians. It seems to me that slavery is behind it all. "States rights" isn't that just a mask to say, you can't take away our rights to own slaves. The powerful and rich slave owners did not want their rights to own and keep their property (slaves) taken away. It seemed to me that the issue of slavery and succession, popped up in every congressional vote before the war. Non slave owners, especially in the north did not want slavery to extend into the new territories. Many felt it a sin, and felt that eventually it would destroy the country, which it almost did. The two strong opinions eventually went to war, but wasn't the initial cause slavery? Just my thoughts!
What was the cause of the civil war? This to me is still not clear. It seems that it's almost a bad word in today's historical discussions to say that slavery is the cause. Many a fellow teacher has let me know that, "We don't say that slavery is the cause of the Civil war anymore." BUT, the more I read and study, the more I tend to disagree with today's historians. It seems to me that slavery is behind it all. "States rights" isn't that just a mask to say, you can't take away our rights to own slaves. The powerful and rich slave owners did not want their rights to own and keep their property (slaves) taken away. It seemed to me that the issue of slavery and succession, popped up in every congressional vote before the war. Non slave owners, especially in the north did not want slavery to extend into the new territories. Many felt it a sin, and felt that eventually it would destroy the country, which it almost did. The two strong opinions eventually went to war, but wasn't the initial cause slavery? Just my thoughts!
Tuesday, June 29, 2010
Marzano 3
In regards to Marzano's Chapter 7, Cooperative Learning, I am a believer. As I frequently encounter and engage in conversations with my colleagues, the #1 question ( and complaint, to be truthful) each has in regards to CL refers in some way to the following challenge: "How do I get the students to do their own work, and not just copy the work of someone else in their group? Every time I use CL in class I either get calls from parents who complain about their child doing all the work, or I get complaints from students to the same effect. What do I do to solve this dilemma?" The key can be found in the third characteristic that defines CL, which is Individual and Group Accountability. In my experience, teachers who face the above mentioned challenges have not spent sufficient time thinking through the "accountability" issue. A good question to ask oneself when developing CL activities is, "Will the way I have this activity structured help individual students master the intended concepts?" If the answer is yes, then you are well on your way to developing an activity which will address the aforementioned problems. If the answer is no, then either there is a need for additional parameters, or possibly different parameters until the answer comes back yes. Whenever I have been able to answer this question in the affirmative, the activity I used was successful, and the issue of accountability was a non-factor. Hopefully, there will more teachers who are willing to implement CL activities into their classroom, and hopefully they will experience sufficient success to keep them using CL on a regular basis. As I said at the beginning, I am a believer!!
Marzano 2
In our high school, we have been using Marzano's Classroom Instruction that Works for several years. I have used this historical seminar as an excuse to re-visit Marzano's book, even though I have developed - and use in my classroom - many strategies and activities based on his writings. As I was reading Chapter 1 again, which introduces the reasoning and the research that precipitated the development of the book, I reflected on my own experience in previously struggling to absorb and adapt my teaching practices to reflect the research found in its various chapters. To be candid, it was extremely difficult to first, identify personal weakness in my teaching practices, and second, to figure out what I was going to to to improve. Even when faced with the findings of the research, and even when everything was explained clearly for all to understand I still found it difficult to incorporate the research-based principles into my classroom. There were many days when I felt discouraged to the point of abandoning my efforts, and reverting to the "tried-and-true" traditional strategies I had employed for the first 15 years of my career. Fortunately, I persevered, and today, I no longer fear the change that comes when one begins to look more closely at oneself. My classroom has become a research lab in which I experiment with various ideas. There is only one thing these ideas share in common: each is based upon research that was first identified within the pages of Marzano's book. I would encourage all teachers to become more familiar with this effective tool for developing successful teaching practices. It has proved to be a wonderful, valuable asset to me!
Marzano 1
Marzano, in Chapter 11 Teaching Specific Types of Knowledge, stresses the importance of teaching vocabulary to students even though there seems to be resistance to that idea. I, for one, adamantly agree with him, especially when it involves the study of history. The study of history is, essentially, the study of words - words that describe events, emotions, and thoughts. If we do not have an understanding of how words and phrases are used then we we be severely limited in our attempts to understand the written thoughts and recordings of those who have gone before us. This is why I include activities which develop vocabulary for my students in every unit of instruction. Each set of vocabulary words - as well as the vocabulary activities - is time period-sensitive, and the glossary I am developing includes the varied uses of each word in that glossary. The feedback I have received from students has been very positive, influencing me to continue - and enhance - my efforts in this area. I feel strongly enough about this to encourage all of you, my colleagues and peers, to do something of the same nature for your students.
Battle Cry of Freedom 3
In Chapters 13 and 15, McPherson includes some maps that greatly enhanced my understanding of the war events taking place in those spots. The maps on pages 399 (The Kentucky-Tennessee Theatre, Winter-Spring 1862) and 411 (The Battle of Shiloh April 6-7, 1862) give greater perspective as to what occurred on a larger basis (the former map) and also specifically (the latter map). The war events out West which occurred in this time frame are important because it brings U.S. Grant to the attention of the president and the public for both good and ill (good, because he was winning while forcing the action; and bad, because of the rising casualties that was the natural result of the offensive mindset that was Grant’s signature methodology for prosecuting the war). These maps really increase the insight the reader can acquire as he absorbs the written text. Understanding the geography of a place always enhances the capacity to understand why decisions were made the way they were. One enduring understanding related to history which I believe is important for students to understand is that geography will always affect the how, where, when, what, and many times why things are done that are done. Using these maps certainly assisted my own knowledge and understanding.
Battle Cry of Freedom 2
I believe the primary reason for McPherson’s amazing success in painting an accurate picture of the Civil War in the minds of his readers is his thorough research of as many sources as was possible (McPherson refers to additional scholarship completed since the completion of Battle Cry of Freedom in his Afterword (page 864). For example, McPherson cites 9 different sources for his conclusions on page 242 (Chapter 8) alone. How does one obtain a truly accurate understanding of what happened when only a small piece is examined? It reminds me of the story of the blind men who come upon an elephant. Each blind man examines a different part of the elephant and each, accordingly, reaches a different conclusion as to what an elephant looks like. McPherson skillfully avoids this pitfall, which is why, in my humble opinion, he succeeds so well! Students would be well-advised to learn two things from this: 1st, that it takes the examination of many different points of view to reach accuracy in conclusion; and 2nd, the types of sources matter, too. In other words, both the quantity of different viewpoints and the quality of those varied viewpoints will determine whether or not a conclusion reached will have lasting validity.
Battle Cry of Freedom 1
McPherson cites the transportation revolution as a critical aspect of antebellum development in the U.S. (pages 11-13). He concludes that “the transportation revolution refashioned” the growing nation’s economy—and therefore its growth both culturally and politically. I agree with him. Furthermore, I believe that in all ages—especially today—how people get around will largely determine (or at least significantly influence) what choices they will make both individually and collectively. Our students today need to understand to what degree their current modes of transportation determine the direction their own lives will take—both metaphorically and literally. They also need to recognize that the development of new forms of transportations over recent centuries has connected the known world, and made it a “small world after all”, to quote Walt Disney. We live in a connected world, which means we will be interacting with many different cultures. Learning social skills that will enhance our relationships with these different cultures are vital to the continuing success as individuals and as a nation!
Reflection on Tyla Walton's Lesson Plan
Tyla drew from strategies that I use frequently in my classroom: summarizing, non-linguistic representations, and cooperative learning. I, too have found these strategies to be extremely valuable, even though I work with "regular" students. One application I will take from Tyla will be to use more graphic organizers to add to the other non-linguistic representations I already use. I believe Tyla's use of a "Top Ten" list is current (seeing that these are a mainstay for David Letterman), and helps students develop critical thinking skills so vital for success in today's real world. Tyla's inclusion of cooperative/collaborative interaction between her students in this activity reflects (from my viewpoint) an important understanding of the need to assist students in developing social skills that are also directly linked to critical thinking skills. Her lesson plan combines important aspects which have real-world significance. Thanks, Tyla, for opening up my mind to new ideas as to how to serve and better prepare my students!!
Monday, June 28, 2010
Killer Angels take two
While I really enjoyed reading Killer Angels, I feel I missed out on a lot of the interesting parts because I was always on the hunt for learning log info. Which led me to do what anyone of my millennial generation would do, get it on CD to listen to again! Didn't have energy to read it again while I was trying to mull through the encyclopedia called BCoF. But I am about done listening to it myself, I could probably make a few copies if anyone is really interested and doesn't want to wait to check it out from the SLC Library. Let me know, and then I'll check back to you if there is some unexpected issue with duplication.
Stacy's Lesson Fight or Flight
I am done with my reading and started to download lesson plans from email. There are some real goods one that I am excited to use. Stacy's fight or flight lesson plan is one I really am excited to use next year. I teach about both John Brown and Harriet Tubman but had not thought of comparing them. Great idea Stacy! Thanks.
BCoF Women of Strength!
I am haunted by the accounts of men ravaged by war after the Seven Days' battle. I once saw a dead cow by Goblin Valley. Its body was swollen and stiff. The image has stayed with me for years. Now, the words of officers on Malvern Hill have come to haunt me. One officer tells of men swollen double their actual size by foul gases. I can't even begin to imagine how difficult it would be to see thousands of men bleeding, wounded, dying and/or dead. The emotional pain must have been inconceivable.
I stand in awe of the unsung heroes...the women...who volunteered on both sides to help the sick and wounded. They were women of strength and courage. They broke prejudicial barriers by going on the fields, in churches, hotels, warehouses, shops, barns, homes and hospitals to give their heroic service. I am amazed at all the sacrifice the people on both sides gave.
I stand in awe of the unsung heroes...the women...who volunteered on both sides to help the sick and wounded. They were women of strength and courage. They broke prejudicial barriers by going on the fields, in churches, hotels, warehouses, shops, barns, homes and hospitals to give their heroic service. I am amazed at all the sacrifice the people on both sides gave.
Stephen Douglas
I was really impressed with Stephen Douglas during this time. While I obviously didn’t appreciate many of his views, I appreciated the results of his character when the country found itself in crisis. He didn’t agree with Lincoln's view on many issues, he didn’t like Lincoln, but when it came time to choose a side he never wavered in his support of the Union. It must have been so difficult for him to put aside his contempt and stand behind Lincoln. Douglas said he would “hang every man higher than Haman who would attempt … to break up the Union by resistance to its laws.” And later, “Mr. Lincoln is the next President. We must try to save the Union. I will go South.” He showed the same backbone when he fought against the Lecompton Constitution, despite the fact that it's passage would have supported the Democratic position.
In many ways he was your typical politician ... but in these moments he was an American.
In many ways he was your typical politician ... but in these moments he was an American.
Saturday, June 26, 2010
Trying to collect my thoughts
I'll be honest, that's a lot of information to devour! 200 pages of BCOF feels like the equivalent of 24 straight hours of the history channel. The one thought that came up time and time again during my reading was, "Wow." It was so difficult for me to imagine the described events taking place. Watching the progression of north vs. south tension was frustrating. I wanted to jump through time and smack some people around! The blatant disregard for laws, rights, morals ... ugh. I can't believe how many times people were let off the hook by judges or juries simply because they agreed with the actions of the defendants. On both sides! At one point there was a quote from a southerner that said something like, "Public opinion is higher than any law." What a frightening time to live. Not knowing whether you'd be protected or scorned. Imagine living in Kansas trying to fight against the Lecompton Constitution without any hope of a fair election or referendum. The hypocrisy of some of these groups is mind-numbing. I loved Lincoln's quote about the Know-Nothings. He was talking specifically about them, but I believe it applies to so many of the people we've been reading about. "I think little better than I do of the slavery extensionists ... Our progress in degeneracy appears to me to be pretty rapid. As a nation, we began by declaring that 'all men are created equal.' We now practically read it 'all men are created equal, except negroes.' When the Know-Nothings get control, it will read 'all men are created equal, except negroes, and foreigners, and catholics.' When it comes to this I should prefer emigrating to some country where they make no pretence of loving liberty -- to Russia, for instance, where despotism can be taken pure, and without the base alloy of hypocrisy."
Killer Angels Characterization
It is interesting to be able to get inside the heads of these great men. Although semi-fictional, I have loved hearing about their emotions at this great battle. Chamberlain, a man I am continually fascinated with, shares his feelings as he is given command of a rag-tag group of mutineers, and then again as he continues an endless march toward Gettysburg he describes the heat and endless tiredness he feels through the long march, and yet, he continues to pray for his boys. I am amazed at the thoughts Lee is facing as his orders are disregarded by Ewell causing them to loose the higher ground and to face an almost impossible battle ahead. I marvel at the weight of the next day's battle as he asks himself after midnight, "What will you do tomorrow?" A position that I definitely wouldn't want nor can I totally understand! Amazing writing and characterization, I can't wait to read on!
Papers
The one/two page papers on your historical figure are to be three hole punched and ready to distribute to the other participants (43 copies). They are not required to be any style or form. That is only for the graduate credit paper that you are doing for Dr. Sessions if you signed up for the 6000 credit class. If you are working with Dr. Sessions on that paper, you need only one copy and that is for him in the style he requested.
What did it mean to be conservative?
This may be an off-the-wall question, but what did it mean to be "conservative" during this time period? I'm in the middle of BCOF and they keep quoting "conservative" journals and papers. For example, one of the conservative papers declared the saving of the captured fugative slave Shadrach "an outrage." It seems like most of the conservative papers they quote were pro-slavery. I consider myself a conservative in today's political climate, and I'm obviously against the institution of slavery, so it kind-of rubs me the wrong way when it seems conservatives of the time were fighting for what I believe to be wrong. It's not really a big deal, just a thought that keeps coming up as I read.
Friday, June 25, 2010
BCOF THE END!
Because of school, family and life, I really struggled to find time to read more than a page or two a day from BCOF, so it really felt to me like I'd never finish. I want to share a few of my feelings as I read the final chapters of this book. Maybe I'm a bit more emotional than most, but some authors seem to stir my deepest emotions. I really struggled to keep track of the various battles, the endless amounts of geographical information, battle tactics and who was who. But in the end, I can honestly say that I might have felt a tiny bit of what it must have been like to experience the war's end. As Lee told us that he "would rather die a thousand deaths" than go see General Grant. I felt sorry for this wise, loyal, honest man. I felt relief in the sentence,"The bleeding and dying were over..." And I felt proud to be an American in Ely Parker's statement, "We are all Americans." And, in the merciful behavior of Grant as he sent food to the 35,000 starving men across the line and watched in my head as the Union soldiers allowed them to carry arms and receive "the salute of honor," allowing them to end the war with a "soldier's mutual salutation and farewell." "National victory was at last secured!" A great ending for me. A great learning experience, that I hope to extend and better understand on location!
Battle Cry of Freedom-Reporting on the War
I have been surprised at how influential newspapers and reporters seemed to have been before and during the war. I don't know what any of the circulation numbers were, but one or more of the papers seems to have reported on everything from election results and secession to battle outcomes and recommended strategies. With reporters even attaching themselves to troops to capture the action, much like we see today, I'm sure some leaders were influenced by knowing that every move they made would be documented.
Lincoln and Davis both must have felt like they were fighting the war on the battlefield and also the war of public opinion. I have definitely seen Bush and Obama doing the same thing as they try to lead us through difficult times. I can see a great conversation with my 5th graders about how hard it would be to lead a country while trying to keep popular support for your ideas. I would definitely make them compare and contrast the difficulties faced by the 'presidents' in the 1860's vs. modern day presidents.
Lincoln and Davis both must have felt like they were fighting the war on the battlefield and also the war of public opinion. I have definitely seen Bush and Obama doing the same thing as they try to lead us through difficult times. I can see a great conversation with my 5th graders about how hard it would be to lead a country while trying to keep popular support for your ideas. I would definitely make them compare and contrast the difficulties faced by the 'presidents' in the 1860's vs. modern day presidents.
Killer Angels Post 2
I couldn't help but wonder why Longstreet did not fight Lee more actively over his battle strategy. I can't help but think that the battle would have gone differently if Longstreet had his way. Shaara portrayed Longstreet's character (in my opinion) as very practical and level headed, but we know that Lee was a military genius... I guess that it is true what they say hindsight is 20/20 so of course we know that Lee should have listened more to Longstreet.
Killer Angels 3
On page 202, Gen. Lee says, “Soldiering has one great trap.” He then continues, “To be a good soldier you must love the army. But to be a good officer you must be willing to order the death of the thing you love. That is . . . a very hard thing to do. No other profession requires it. That is one reason why there are so very few good officers. Although there are many good men.” I have often pondered on the ability of generals—particularly U.S. Grant—to send their men to their deaths in such great masses. In the case of Grant, I am thinking of Shiloh, Cold Harbor, and many others, where Grant orders attacks and counter-attacks with the certain knowledge that massive numbers of casualties will be the result. How does one keep the overall objective in mind when the loss of life is mounting in incredulous ways? What happens when the public turns against the cause? In my opinion, we are seeing similar issues today in Afghanistan and Iraq. Certainly, this was an issue during Vietnam!
BCoF
After Lincoln got the Republican nomination the book said there was an unprecedented excitement in American politics. Thousands swarmed the galleries for Lincoln. I couldn't help but think of Obama's win over Hillary Clinton and the energy it brought to the Democratic party.
I Can See the Light!
Woohooo! Within 200 pages of being finished! Does it take anyone else as long to read just ONE chapter of BCoF as it takes me? I am going about 2 hours per chapter by the time I take notes and go back and re-look at information to make sure I "get it". I felt pretty bad for the southern civilians especially, for the hardships they were suffering during the war. By March of 1863, Lee's army was reduced to half rations, competing with civilians for those dwindling stocks (p 617). When prices skyrocketed, families forced into starvation rioted. Scarlett O'Hara and "Tara" just don't do justice to what was happening to the poorer farmers' families does it?
Mudsills
"Your whole hireling class of manual laborers and 'operatives' as you call them, are essentially slaves. The difference between us is, that our slaves are hired for life and well compensated... yours are hired by the day, not cared for, and scantily compensated." (BCOF PG. 196)
I WONDER... if they could see teacher's wages in Utah today, and the numbers in our classes.......
Would we fit into that catagory???????
I WONDER... if they could see teacher's wages in Utah today, and the numbers in our classes.......
Would we fit into that catagory???????
Killer Angels 2
As I read the account of Chamberlain dealing with the soldiers from Maine who were rebellious, I was impressed that he was willing to listen to their grievances. This willingness to listen, coupled with his lack of desire to punish any of the soldiers in questions, opened the door for pride to dissipate among the rebellious. Chamberlain understood that they were tired, discouraged - and even more important - filled with dispair and apathy. Rather than focusing on threats of punishment as a method for motivating them, Chamberlain offered instead an appeal (pages 31-33) to their character and integrity. This approach was far more effective in reaching the hearts and minds of these men than any other would have been. The proof was in the response of these men. They had found a commander that they could trust to treat them with dignity and respect. Chamberlain was someone they could - and would - fight with and for. Two days later, Chamberlain's style of commanding would pay eternal dividends: his men fought in overwhelming conditions but remained undaunted, even when ordered to charge the enemy with bayonets. I believe they were willing to do this because of the manner in which Chamberlain treated his men. I personally have reflected upon the difference a similar approach would have today if used with recalcitrant or sullen, or apathetical, or angry students. Food for thought!
Thursday, June 24, 2010
Great Help in citing references for our papers!!! :)
I ran across a site that makes citing our references about our Civil War People much easier for the papers that we are supposed to write. I am referring to the ones that we make 43 copies of. We were told to do them in Turabian Style format. This site creates the bibliography entries and footnotes for you. :) Then you just need to copy/paste into your paper for the reference.
Hope it helps :)
War Economy and Finances (BCOF)
The discussion of the of monetary policy in both the North and South was very informative and detailed. The inflationary impact that wars often have upon a society is often gut-wrenching. As an example, the Southern woman who wrote a letter lamenting the fact that should her husband die in service of the Confederacy while his family starved was quite profound. Inflationary times really do have the most impact upon the poor. The impact the war had also upon labor set the stages for the developing labor movement as well. The war certainly stimulated and transformed the economy toward era of big business and growing industrialization.
What is is all about - in my opinion.
For what it's worth, while I think Battle Cry is so interesting and I learned so much, I think it really earns its money in the early chapters. After reading those chapters it was hard to go away thinking the war wasn't actually caused by slavery. The most shocking portion to me was when MacPherson detailed how planters were actually plotting to erect an empire based on slavery stretching into South America and beyond. That whole section gave me a cold chill, because I think it really outlines what was at stake.
Also comparing it with some of the dialogue in Killer Angels, after capturing some of the Rebel soldiers, Thomas Chamberlain was shocked that the Reb soldiers denied they were fighting to keep slavery but rather for their "rats" (aka rights). This is brought up on a couple of occasions but from the points of view of the Chamberlain brothers they truly believed that it all boiled down to slavery. So even thought they may have been fighting for their "rats" (I thought that part was funny), the big argument was their right to expand and protect their way of life which was slavery.
I tell my students that to say the war was about slavery is an elementary answer (no offense) but when you detail all the factors and issues, to me it returns to the elementary answer. Just my thoughts.
Killer Angels Wins
I enjoyed Killer Angels more than BCOF because I feel as though I can walk the grounds at Gettysburg and know what happened when and where. I have a fairly complete understanding of the three days and look forward to learning more while we are on our trip. BCOF is a completely different type of text in which I still found interesting but did not make me feel like I could not put down like Killer Angels.
Putting myself there. Killer Angels.
Sometimes when we teach our students we want them to try to put themselves in the circumstance or situation to feel a little more, to have empathy or to get a better grasp of the situation, in the Killer Angels I found this passage particularly effective at putting me on the battlefield (p. 329-330):
[Chamberlain] became aware for the first time of the incredible variety of sound. The great roar was composed
of a thousand different rips and whispers, most incredible noise he had ever heard or imagined, like a great
orchestra of death: the whicker whicker of certain shells, the weird thin scream of others, the truly frightful
sound made by one strange species that came every few moments, an incredible keening, like old Death as a
woman gone mad and a-hunting you, screaming, that would be the Whitworth, new English cannon the Rebs
had. Then there were the sounds of the bursts, flat splats in the air, deeper bursts in ground, brutal smash and
crack of shot into rock, shot splattering dirt and whining off, whispers of rock fragments and dirt fragments
and small bits of metal and horse and man rippling the air, spraying the ground, humming the air, and the
Union cannon braying away one after another, and an occasional scream, sometimes even joy, some of the
cannoneers screaming with joy at hitting something as when they saw a caisson blow up across the way.
If I close my eyes and really try to visualize the situation and use Shaara's words I get a small sense of being there. Does anybody else have a passage that made an impact on them?
Civil War and Revolutionary War
After reading BCOF I am amazed at the numbers of casualties compared to the Revolutionary War. Washington barely had more than 10,000 men at any of his battles while at many Civil War battles there were upwards of 100,000 men who fought for the Federal Army and about 60,000 men fighting for the Confederates. (At Cold Harbor, page 733) At this battle there were about 69,000 casualties between both sides. Wow! I wonder what it would have been like if they had the mass media back then like we have it today. Would there have been an outrage about the loss of life? Would the general population demand an end to the war? Would the north or south concede in any way?
John Brown
Many students are interested in learning about John Brown because he stood up against the evils of slavery and BCoF gives us some good information about his raid at Harper's Ferry. I tell my students to research John Brown and his men and the Border Ruffians and have them give me the similarities and differences between the two groups. Of course most come back saying they would side with Brown because they cannot relate to slavery and what it was like during this time period. I see that we will be visiting Harper's Ferry on July 10th, I am really looking forward to seeing this place first hand so I can get a better feel for it when I teach my students about this important topic in American history.
BCOF/John Brown
I knew a bit about John Brown before I read the BCOF, but I never knew so many details. I think that there could be some very valuable character education lessons taught in the classroom by exploring this man and his experiences. There are many connections that could be made from his experiences to situations that happen today. John Brown felt passionate about the moral injustice of slavery. Was he wrong to feel this way? Did it have the outcome that was hoped for? Did he go about trying to solve the problem that he struggled with in the right way? Do we have groups of people who want to put an end to what they feel is wrong in a violent way today? Could there have been other alternatives? I believe that the Harper Ferry type of situation even happens among our youth today, on the play ground and perhaps even in the forming of some gangs. This could be an excellent class discussion, even among fifth graders.
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